副詞的定義
副詞是一種用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞,副詞或全句的詞,說(shuō)明時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),程度,方式等概念。
副詞的分類(lèi)
1) 時(shí)間和頻度副詞:
now,then,often,always,usually,early,today, lately, next,last,already,generally,frequently,seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too, immediately, hardly,finally,shortly, before, ago,sometimes, yesterday.
2) 地點(diǎn)副詞:
here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back,
forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on.
3) 方式副詞:
carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly.
4)程度副詞:
much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost,slightly.
5) 疑問(wèn)副詞:
how, when, where, why.
6) 關(guān)系副詞:
when, where, why.
7) 連接副詞:
how, when, where, why, whether.
副 詞 的 用 法
副詞在句中可作狀語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),短語(yǔ)。
He works hard. 他工作努力。
You speak English quite well. 你英語(yǔ)講的很好。
Is she in ? 她在家嗎?
Let's be out. 讓我們出去吧。
Food here is hard to get. 很難弄到食物。
副詞的位置
1)多數(shù)副詞都可以放在動(dòng)詞的后面，如果動(dòng)詞帶有賓語(yǔ),副詞就放在賓語(yǔ)后面I get up early in the morning everyday. 我每天早早起床。
He gave me a gift yesterday. 他昨天給了我一件禮物。
She didn't drink water enough. 她沒(méi)喝夠水。
The train goes fast. 火車(chē)跑得快。
He has a new cat on today. 他今天戴了一頂新帽子。
I have seen this film twice with my friends. 我和朋友一起看過(guò)兩次這部電影。
2) 副詞修飾形容詞,副詞時(shí),副詞在前面,而被修飾的詞在后面。
It's rather easy, I can do it. 這很容易,我能做到。
He did it quite well. 他做得相當(dāng)好。
It's rather difficult to tell who is right. 很難說(shuō)誰(shuí)是對(duì)的。
It's so important that I must tell my friend. 這件事太重要了，我得告訴我朋友。
It's much better. 好多了。
3)頻度副詞可放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的前面,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞的后面。
I often help him these days. 這些日子我經(jīng)常幫助他。
I always remember the day when I first came to this school. 我常常記得我第一次來(lái)學(xué)校的那一天。
You mustn't always help me. 你不能老是幫助我。
He seldom comes to see us. 他很少來(lái)看我們。
We usually go shopping once a week. 我們通常一周買(mǎi)一次東西。
The new students don't always go to dance. 新學(xué)生并不時(shí)常去跳舞。
4)疑問(wèn)副詞,連接副詞,關(guān)系副詞以及修飾整個(gè)句子的副詞,通常放在句子或從句的前面。
When do you study everyday? 你每天什么時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)?
Can you tell me how you did it? 你能告訴我你如何做的嗎?
First, let me ask you some questions. 先讓我來(lái)問(wèn)幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。
How much does this bike cost? 這輛車(chē)子多少錢(qián)?
Either you go or he comes. 不是你去就是他來(lái)。
The students were reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 當(dāng)老師進(jìn)教室時(shí)，學(xué)生們正在讀書(shū)。
5) 時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞在一個(gè)句中, 地點(diǎn)副詞在前面時(shí)間副詞在后面。
We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday. 昨天九點(diǎn)鐘我們到超市買(mǎi)東西了What were you doing in the classroom yesterday evening? 昨天下午你在教室里干什么?
副詞的比較等級(jí)
副詞和形容詞一樣,也有它的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式.可以參考形容詞的變換形式。但以詞尾-ly結(jié)尾的副詞(除early)須用more和most 。
hard harder hardest
fast faster fastest
early earlier earliest
much more most
warmly more warmly most warmly
單音節(jié)副詞的比較級(jí)是在副詞后面加上-er構(gòu)成的，最高級(jí)是在副詞后面加上-est構(gòu)成的。
near nearer nearest
hard harder hardest
多音節(jié)副詞的比較級(jí)是在副詞的前面加上-more構(gòu)成的最高級(jí)是在副詞前面加上-most構(gòu)成的。
warmly more warmly most warmly
successfully more successfully most successfully
有些副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式是不規(guī)則的。
well-better - best little - less - least
Much- more - most badly - worse - worst
far-farther(further)-farthest(furthest)
副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)用法同形容詞的比較級(jí)用法基本一樣。最高級(jí)形式句中the可以省略。
他比我工作努力。
Lucy gets up earlier than Lili.
露西比麗麗起床早。
He runs fastest in our class.
他在我們班跑地最快。
He dives deeper than his teammates.
他比他的隊(duì)員潛水深。
It's true that he speak English more fluently than any of us. 他英語(yǔ)講的確實(shí)比我們?nèi)魏稳硕己谩?/p>
Our school team play football best in our region. 我們校隊(duì)在我們地區(qū)足球踢得最好的。
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